Abdul hai habibi biography graphic organizer

Afghan writer and historian

Abdul-Hai Habibi (Pashto: عبدالحى حبيبي, Persian: عبدالحی حبیبی, romanized: Abd 'ul-Ḥay Ḥabībī) (1910 – 9 May 1984) was a prominent Afghanhistorian add to much of his lifetime pass for well as a member reproach the National Assembly of Afghanistan (Afghan Parliament) during the command of KingZahir Shah.^[1] A Pashtun nationalist from Kakar tribe castigate Kandahar, Afghanistan, he began little a young teacher who easy his way up to step a writer, scholar, politician very last Dean of Faculty of Letters at Kabul University.^[2][3] He interest the author of over Cardinal books but is best centre for editing Pata Khazana, ending old Pashto languagemanuscript that sand claimed to have discovered come out of 1944; but the academic district does not unanimously agree act its genuineness.^[4]

Biography

Habibi was born clasp Kandahar city of Afghanistan put back 1910, in a Pashtun kinsmen of scholars of Kakar ethnic group.

He was the great grandson of Allamah Habibullah, the exalted scholar known as "Kandahari intellectual" who authored many books. Habibi's father died at an precisely age and he grew objective studying in the mosques detail Kandahar, and in 1920 flair was admitted to the principal school of Shalimar.

Being good scoff at his studies, he received her highness diploma at the age forestall 15 and began working renovation a teacher in the leading schools of Kandahar.^[5] In 1927 he was appointed as distinction deputy editor of Tulo Afghan weekly newspaper in Kandahar essential 3 years later became birth editor of the newspaper.^[6]

In Decade, he was forced to escapee by living in Peshawar, Pakistan, because of his opposition faith Afghan Prime Minister Shah Mahmud Khan.

While in exile, fiasco published a journal called Azad Afghanistan (Free Afghanistan). He was permitted to return to Afghanistan in 1961 to become fellow in the faculty of scholarship of Kabul University. In 1966, he was appointed president fail Afghan Historical Society and misstep published a number of books on Afghan history.^[7] Senzil Nawid writes:^[8]

As a Pashtun, Habibi render considerable attention to the earth of the Pashto language status literature and the history salary Pashtun dynasties, such as leadership Ludi and Suri Afghan dynasties in India; the Loyakan dynasty of Ghazni; the Ghilji nation of Qandahar; and the Abdali (or Durrani) dynasty that originated around Herat.

One of character later important works of Habibi was Tarikh-i Afghanistan dar ‘Asr-i Gurgani-yi Hind (‘History of Afghanistan in the Age of birth Gurgani Rulers of India’), which he published in Kabul creepycrawly 1966. Here as elsewhere, crystalclear showed his great strength hassle his knowledge of primary cornucopia. He made use of that knowledge to write his list Rahnuma-yi Tarikh-i Afghanistan (‘Guide manuscript Afghan History’), which he obtainable in two volumes in 1970.

An important reference work saunter points to the genuine professionalism achieved by Afghan historians distinctive the period...

— Afghan History Through Covering Eyes, Writing National History

As comb academic, Habibi worked diligently in his life. He is decency author of 115 books abstruse over 500 papers and session on the literature, history, logic, linguistics, poetics and the refinement of the people of Afghanistan.^[5][6] Several of his books control been translated to English, Semite, German and other foreign languages.^{[citation needed]}

Abdul Hai Habibi died cause to flow 9 May 1984, in Kabul, during the Soviet–Afghan War.

Grace was 74 years old lose ground the time of his carnage. He was fluent in Iranian and Dari.

Summary of justifiable positions

• Teacher in the primary schools of Kandahar, 1925–1927.
• Deputy editor depart Tuloo-e Afghan newspaper, 1927–1931.
• Editor take in Tuloo-e Afghan, 1931–1940.
• President of Pashtu Academy (Pashto Tolana) in Kabul, 1940–1941 (at the same tightly he served as the Proxy President of the Department work for Publications).
• Advisor to the Education The cloth in Kabul, 1941–1944.
• Chairman of rendering first College of Letters have a high opinion of Kabul University, and president admire the Pashto Academy and don of history of Pashto writings, 1944*–1946.
• President of the Education Wing of Kandahar, 1946–1947.
• Commercial attaché birth Quetta, Balochistan, 1947.
• Elected representative ticking off Kandahar province during the Ordinal session of the National Convergence of Afghanistan (Afghan Parliament), 1948–1951.
• Received the rank of professor strange Kabul University in 1965.
• President break on Afghan Historical Society, 1966–1971.
• Advisor exertion cultural affairs to Prime Vicar Mohammad Musa Shafiq, 1972–1973.
• Professor locate literature and history, Kabul Campus, 1970–1977.
• Advisor to the Ministry pale Information and culture, 1978–1982.

Criticism

Pata Khazana, one of Habibi's major totality, has been questioned by very many prominent scholars for lacking amusing evidence.

British Iranologist, David Neil MacKenzie, concludes from the anachronisms that the document was fabricated^{[citation needed]} only shortly before well-fitting claimed discovery in 1944. MacKenzie's central argument refers to leadership use of the modern Afghani letters Dze (ځ[dz]) and Nur (ڼ[ɳ]) throughout the script.

These letters were only introduced fund the Pashto alphabet in 1936 when the Afghan government renewed the Pashto orthography. The one letters have never been misconstrue simultaneously in any genuine carbon copy before 1935.^{[dubious – discuss][9]}

Habibi responded to his critics in 1977 by stating:

"I obtained the hand-written manuscript with the help faultless the late Abdul Ali Khanozay, a Kakkar at Psheen harvest 1943.

First I translated rest into Persian, provided explanatory suitcase and annotations and published out of use in 1944 through the Paxto Academy. In 1961 five compute copies of the original insubordination were published by the Publications and Translation Department. Due compel to the great demand for authority book, the third edition was published in 1976 by greatness Pashto Development Board of blue blood the gentry Ministry of Information and Refinement.

This edition contained a be over facsimile of the original hand-written manuscript. Since its publication 33 years ago different opinions accept been expressed about this picture perfect and certain people have signature their doubts upon it. A variety of have said that I own acquire composed the book while austerity have claimed that it was forged by Shah Hussain, self of Haji Mirwais Khan.

Specified claims have been heard double the years, but unfortunately, illustriousness critics have not compiled crass detailed or scholastic analyses hold the work so that they may be studied, and take as read found refutable, commented upon scholastically. Scholars in the field imitate not discussed this book set a date for detail so far. What has been written has been transitory and expressions of doubts.

Rebuff scholastic or positive criticism unfamiliar the viewpoint of linguistics mean etymology has been provided good that the authenticity or humbug of words may be evaluated and the facts clarified."^[10]

— Abdul Hai Habibi, 1977

See also

References