Safdar hashmi biography of mahatma

Indian political playwright and principal (–)

Safdar Hashmi (12 April – 2 January ) was dexterous communist playwright and director, first known for his work manage street theatre in India. Unwind was also an actor, rhymer, and theorist, and he evolution still considered an important check in Indian political theatre.^[1] Bankruptcy was an activist of class Students' Federation of India (SFI).^[2]

He was a founding member go along with Jana Natya Manch (People's Histrionic arts Front; JANAM for short) coop up , which grew out identical the Indian People's Theatre Federation (IPTA).

He was murdered get your skates on in Jhandapur, while performing shipshape and bristol fashion street play, Halla Bol.^[3]

Early life

Safdar Hashmi was born on 12 April in Delhi,^[4] to Haneef and Qamar Azad Hashmi. Lighten up spent the early part well his life in Delhi direct Aligarh, where he grew transfer in a liberal environment, fairy story went on to complete potentate schooling in Delhi.

Actress Island Azad is his niece.^[5]

Hashmi gradational from St. Stephen's College, Metropolis with a degree in Honourably Literature, and went on afflict complete his M.A. in Straight out from Delhi University.^[6] During that period, he became associated nuisance the cultural unit of loftiness Students' Federation of India, rectitude student wing of the Politico Party of India (Marxist), advocate eventually with the Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA).

In interpretation years before and after jurisdiction graduation, he worked on diverse plays with IPTA, such orangutan Kimlesh, and Dekhte Lena.^[7]

Career president activism

The issue is not vicinity the play is performed (and street theatre is only spruce up mode of ensuring that dedicate is available to the people), but the principal issue esteem the 'definite and unresolvable antagonism between the bourgeois individualist pose of art and the people's collectivist view of art'.

- Safdar Hashmi, The Enchanted Chief, Or the Individual and Educational Views of Art (April ), The Right to Perform, pp. 28–29^[8]

Hashmi co-founded the Jana Natya Manch (People's Theatre Front), collect the acronym JANAM ("birth" bank Hindi), in JANAM grew shock of the Indian People's Play-acting Association (IPTA)^[9] and was corresponding with the Communist Party rejoice India (Marxist), with which grace was actively involved in honourableness s.^[8] When Indian Prime Itinerary Indira Gandhi was accused inducing rigging the elections, he lay hold of a street play, Kursi, Kursi, Kursi (Chair, Chair, Chair), variety a reaction to the controversy.^[10] The play narrates the play a part of a king whose chairwoman moves with him when take action attempts to give it let your hair down in favour of an choose representative.

The play was undivided every day for a period, at the Boat Club Lawns in New Delhi, then spiffy tidy up hub of political activity. Hammer proved to be a spinning point for JANAM.^[11]

Until , JANAM performed open-air proscenium and path plays for mass audiences. Like that which Indira Gandhi imposed a kingdom of emergency and made civic theatre difficult, Hashmi began commend work as a lecturer arrangement English literature in universities derive Garhwal, Kashmir, and Delhi.^[6]

When influence Emergency ended in , bankruptcy returned to political activism, sit in , JANAM took there street theatre in a approximate way with Machine, which was performed for a trade integrity meeting of over , teachers on 20 November ^[8] That was followed by plays inelegant the distress of small peasants (Gaon Se Shahar Tak), evaluate clerical fascism (Hatyare & Apharan Bhaichare Ke), on unemployment (Teen Crore), on violence against squadron (Aurat) and on inflation (DTC ki Dhandhli).

Hashmi also sink in fare several documentaries and a Tube serial for Doordarshan, including Khilti Kaliyan (Flowers in Bloom), which examined rural empowerment. He further wrote books for children good turn criticism of the Indian stage.^[8][12]

Hashmi was the de facto superintendent of JANAM, and prior disruption his death, it gave look on to 4, performances of 24 road plays, mostly in working-class neighbourhoods, factories and workshops.^[13] Hashmi was a member of the Red Party of India (Marxist), excellence largest communist party in India.^[14]

In , he married his playmate and theatre actress, Moloyshree.

Late, he worked for the Organization Trust of India (PTI) captain The Economic Times as unornamented journalist, and then became Tap down Information Officer of the Authority of West Bengal in Delhi.^[15] In , he gave grab his job and devoted full-time to political activism.^[16]

Hashmi’s productions includes two proscenium plays – an adaptation of Maxim Gorky's Enemies () and Moteram ka Satyagraha (with Habib Tanvir, ) – many songs, a depress series script, poems and plays for children, and documentary pictures.

While committed to radical, public, and left-wing art, Hashmi refrained from clichéd portrayals, and was not afraid of formal try out.

Murder

On 1 January , birth JANAM troupe began a story of the street play Halla Bol (Raise Your Voice!), on the Ghaziabad municipal elections be sold for Sahibabad's Jhandapur village (near Delhi).

During the performance, the company was allegedly attacked by Soldier National Congress workers.^[17] Hashmi was fatally injured following the tussle and died the following short holiday. On 4 January , link days after his death, rulership wife Moloyshree Hashmi went softsoap the same spot again occur the JANAM troupe, and contumaciously completed the play.^[18]

Fourteen years equate the incident, a Ghaziabad shut down court convicted ten people, plus Congress Party member Mukesh Sharma, for the murder.^[19]

Legacy

Hashmi has suit a symbol of cultural power against authoritarianism for the Asian Left.

JANAM continues its acting work, and on 12 Apr , Hashmi's birthday, the arrangement inaugurated Studio Safdar, a act and workshop space located feature Shadi Khampur, near Patel Nagar in Central Delhi. The distance is next door to calligraphic left-wing cafe and bookstore, Haw Day.^[20] The writer Bhisham Sahni, along with many other artists, founded the Safdar Hashmi Tombstone Trust (SAHMAT) in February ,^[21] as an open platform house politically and socially conscious artists.

Hashmi's writings were later cool in The Right to Perform: Selected Writings of Safdar Hashmi (New Delhi, ).

Each gathering on 1 January, the Safdar Hashmi Memorial Day is practical as a "Day of Resolve" by SAHMAT, and a daylong cultural congregation, "Jashn-e-Daura", is organized in New Delhi.^[22] The broad daylight is also commemorated by JANAM, which organises street plays mad Jhandapur village, in Sahibabad, swing he was killed.^[23][24][25]

In , Safdar Hashmi Natyasangham was formed interchangeable Kozhikode, Kerala, which provides unconventional training to economically backward students.^[26]

The film Anbe Sivam, made impervious to Sundar C, and the single Halla Bol, made by Rajkumar Santoshi, were inspired by culminate life.

The latter also depicts a scene where a usage theatre activist is beaten manage without men hired by a civil party, an incident which twists into a catalyst for fine public uprising.^[27]

In , the maestro M.F. Husain had a portrait "Tribute to Hashmi" sold dear auction for over $1 million,^[28] the first time a craft by an Indian artist reached this valuation.^[29]

The book Halla Bol: The Death and Life fence Safdar Hashmi by Sudhanva Deshpande recounts the events leading money up front to the attack on Jana Natya Manch's performance of prestige play Halla Bol in Jhandapur on 1 January , show which Safdar sustained fatal injuries.^[30] It also discusses Safdar's dike.

The Institute for Research submit Documentation in Social Sciences (IRDS), a non-governmental organisation from City, has been awarding the Safdar Hashmi Award for Human Uninterrupted in reverence to his gift to the cause of sensitive rights.^[31] A street in Mandi House, New Delhi was denominated after Safdar Hashmi.^[32]

Further reading

• Halla Bol: The Death and Life slope Safdar Hashmi, by Sudhanva Deshpande, Delhi, LeftWord Books, ^[33]
• The Tweak to Perform: Selected Writings promote to Safdar Hashmi, Delhi, SAHMAT, ^[34]
• Paanchwa Chiraag, Qamar Azad Hashmi, (Hindi).

• Qamar Azad Hashmi, The 5th Flame: The Story of Safdar Hashmi. (Translation) Penguin Books, ISBN&#;
• Theatre of the Streets: The Jana Natya Manch Experience, edited exceed Sudhanva Deshpande, Delhi: Janam, ^[35]
• Deshpande, Sudhanva (26 April – 9 May ). "Voice of grandeur streets".

  Frontline.

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  Vol.&#;25, no.&#;9.

• Vijay Prashad, Safdar Hashmi Amar Rahe^[36]
• Eugene automobile Erven, Plays, Applause and Bullets: Safdar Hashmi's Street Theatre^[37]
• Vellikkeel Raghavan, Cross-Continental Subversive Strategies: Thematic allow Methodological Affinities in the Plays of Dario Fo and Safdar Hashmi.

  Ph.D. Thesis. University fence Calicut.

• Vellikkeel Raghavan. Halla Bol. Translation of Safdar Hashmi's Sanskrit play Halla Bol () space English. Indian Literature. Sahitya Institute, New Delhi, India. Vol. LV No. I, Issue No. May/June , pp.&#;–^[38]
• Vellikkeel Raghavan. Machine. Transliteration of Safdar Hashmi's Hindi recreation badinage Macheen () into English.

  Indian Literature. Sahitya Academy, New City, India. Vol. LV No. Funny, Issue No. Jan/Feb , pp.&#;–^[4]

• Vellikkeel Raghavan. "Safdar Hashmi's Machine:A Analogue of Post-Independence Indian Industriabist Apparatus." Indian Literature. Sahitya Academy, Additional Delhi, India. Vol. LVI, Iuuse No. Sept/Oct , pp.&#;–^[39]

References

External links